[Research Report] Detailed Analysis of the Effects of Elastic Deformation of GMS

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（Source：Carbon, 2024,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbon.2024.119376, Licensed under CC BY 4.0）

New research results on Graphene MesoSponge® (GMS), a next-generation carbon material that 3DC plans to mass-produce, have been published from Nishihara Laboratory.

3DC is the university start-up company that aims to commercialize GMS, which was invented at the Nishihara Laboratory (Advanced Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University). Currently, some patents related to GMS have been transferred from Tohoku University to 3DC.

Mesoporous carbon materials, known as graphene mesosponges (GMS), exhibit remarkable flexibility. These materials are expected to advance the field of physical chemistry through the investigation of phenomena induced by significant deformation of mesopores when mechanical forces are applied.

In this work, GMS has been synthesized in the form of spherical microparticles, namely micro-spherical GMS (ms-GMS). The remarkable flexibility of ms-GMS has been validated through mercury intrusion tests, and also by methanol adsorption measurements with and without the application of mechanical force. Moreover, we successfully capture live footage of the elastic deformation of a single ms-GMS particle, enabling the determination of `the Poisson’s ratio. Furthermore, we are attempting to observe the non-Faradaic process that occurs within a single sphere during mechanical deformation, utilizing scanning electrochemical cell microscopy (SECCM). The results showed a noticeable decline in capacitive rate performance when the pore size decreased from 7 to 2 nm. 

Movie: Live footage of the elastic deformation of a single ms-GMS particle
（Source：Carbon, 2024,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbon.2024.119376, Licensed under CC BY 4.0）

Figure: (Top) Schematic representation of SECCM system, including a microscopy image of the 2 μm diameter glass nanopipette in proximity to the ms-GMS. (Bottom) Sequential depiction of ms-GMS undergoing stepwise deformation under the controlled application of compressive force via SECCM.
(Source（Source：Carbon, 2024,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbon.2024.119376, Licensed under CC BY 4.0）

This approach effectively minimizes interference from other structural variations that typically arise during carbon synthesis and electrode fabrication, offering a new avenue for elucidating the specific influence of pore size in such materials.

The results of this study were published in the journal Carbon.

Please see below for details.

・Paper
Probing Non-Faradaic Process during Elastic Deformation in a Single Sphere of Extremely Soft Mesoporous Carbon